A.P. Moller–Maersk A/S and IBM Corp. announced their blockchain initiative called TradeLens in August 2018, and it has been growing ever since. France’s CMA CGM S.A. and Switzerland-based Mediterranean Shipping Co. S.A. joined the initiative in late May, joining more than 90 participants that include more than 20 port and terminal operators, customs authorities from multiple countries (e.g., The Netherlands and Peru), several freight forwarders and logistics companies, and major global container carriers Pacific International Lines and Hamburg Süd Group.